Iran
Iran ranks in the top ten countries with the largest active armies having 575K personnel at all times. Also known as the Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces, they are made up of several branches that assist in defense and attack. The history of this military dates back to the 1953 coup of the country.
Since then, they started purchasing arms and equipment from America and Israel and, much later, from Russia before they went to war with Iraq. According to the Islamic Republic News Agency, Iran incorporated the fifth branch of its forces for Nuclear Research in 2022, making them rather formidable.